Development Of Definitions Of Organizational Culture And...

2. Literature Review The purpose of this chapter is to make readers comprehend the development of definitions of organizational culture and project management in different dimensions. And within the content of project management, the criteria of the success of project management will be demonstrated. Furthermore, the previous studies about the relationship between organizational culture and the success of project management will be referred to. Eventually, some problems unanswered on this filed or some gaps that missed by former studies will be indicated. 2.1 Organizational Culture A well-known fact that organizational culture is hard to define because of its complexity, and it seems that most of existing definitions are general and macroscopic. For example, organizational culture supplies members of organization with principles of behaviors with the help of essential, common values in the organization, and these principles are usually approved and accepted by internal members (Baird et al. 2007; Chatman Jehn, 1994; Deshpandà © Webster, 1989; Narver Slater, 1998; as cited in Cynthia Webster Allyn White, 2010). And organizational culture means correspondingly fixed faiths, manners and norms that are agreed by organizational members commonly (Williams, Dobson Walters, 1993; as cited in Catherine T. Kwantes Cheryl A. Boglarsky, 2007). Organizational culture is also defined as â€Å"shared normative beliefs and shared behavioural expectations† or â€Å"a particular set ofShow MoreRelatedAcorn Industries1536 Words   |  7 Pagesgovernment contracts (History: 1990s 2003). As the company was venturing into government contracts pertaining to the weapon systems and other diverse fields, it realized the significance of program management and brought in an individual with extensive knowledge and experience in the field of program management, which proved beneficial while changing the organization philosophy; and restructuring the organization and its various divisions. In order to remain competitive, profitable and maximize theRead MoreOrganizational Culture And Human Behavior1323 Words   |  6 PagesSuccessful projects are those that are completed within the agreed upon scope and budget, and on time. Cost and schedule overages cause majority of projects unsuccessful. Therefore, it is imperative that organizations employ better ideas and novel methodologies and frameworks in managing projects (Murthy, 2014). A major factor of a project’s success is the behavior of the employees. Employee behavior is influenced by organizational culture and leadership. This paper will briefly explore the influenceRead MoreOrganizational Change : The Seagram s Company1137 Words   |  5 PagesConsulting Proposal #1 Lawrence Littleton Liberty University BMAL 504 – Leading Organizational Change â€Æ' Definition of Project: The Seagram’s company has come a long way gaining strength and empowering truth with its mergers with Martell S.A. cognac, Tropicana products, and MCA Universal. Seeking justification and definition within their new found allegiance, a new horizon of skepticism became clear about the communication within the company. Seagram’s Co. positions to rise above as one of the mostRead More4 Models of Corporate Entrepreneurship1383 Words   |  6 Pageswhether in new start-ups or within a corporation. For a corporation to stay ahead of times and sustain a competitive advantage in a fast-changing global consumer market, the challenge is for the management to instill the right corporate entrepreneurship strategy across the organization. One definition of corporate entrepreneurship (CE) is â€Å"...the process by which teams within an established company conceive, foster, launch and manage a new business that is distinct from the parent company butRead MoreCulture As A Global Enterprise950 Words   |  4 PagesCulture in a Global Enterprise The definition and major elements of the culture are outlined in this critical essay. Furthermore, an explanation of the culture in a global enterprise, and whether or not the culture is a critical factor in managing Information Technology (IT) in a global enterprise are also summarized. Finally, a discussion has been provided about how firms can understand and improve their culture to support IT management in a global enterprise. Culture and its Major Elements CultureRead MoreAnalyzing Organizational and Public Leadership Application1115 Words   |  5 PagesCorporate Social Responsibility in Brunei Organizational and public leadership application/ analysis paper The act of leadership is as old as humanity itself, yet it has only been throughout the recent few decades that more emphasis has been placed on leadership at a theoretical level. At the practical level, leadership has been exerted from ancient times, from the building of the pyramids, to the organization of Roman markets; it was an act completed by people in key positions and it was basedRead MoreDevelopment And Implementation Of An Effective Communication Plan1296 Words   |  6 PagesProject Communication Plan One of the most important elements of a successful project is the development and implementation of an effective communication plan. Without clear communication, a project can encounter a number of unnecessary obstacles that may prohibit its successful completion. According to Gray and Larson, poor communication is a major contributor to project failure (2014). Therefore, it is important for a project manager to invest time and energy to develop a well thought out communicationRead MoreA Study of Ciscos ERP System835 Words   |  3 Pagesto improve its market position and core competencies, Cisco maintained a strong dedication to innovation in both technology and management which exceeded the norms generally found in Silicon Valley. As a result of this, the companys IT background and its companys culture of innovation helped to launch the ERP system in an expedient manner. Since projects by definition, have unique circumstances then they are beset by risk intrinsically (Benta).The i nternal IT experience that Cisco had in networkRead MoreComparing the Organizational Culture of The Microsoft Corporation and Apple Inc1243 Words   |  5 PagesOrganizational comparisons The Microsoft Corporation versus Apple Inc. The IT industry is the fastest developing one in the modern day society and it sets the pace for development in all of the personal and professional sectors of life. And the advancement of the IT industry cannot be imagined any other way than having been driven by the two global giants Apple and Microsoft. The two companies have been competing in the industry ever since they were first created and began to operate. TheRead MoreSaudi Aramco Leadership Assessment1445 Words   |  6 PagesSaudi Aramco Leadership Assessment Introduction Organizations whose cultures are tightly integrated to cultural, societal and political norms and values often face a significantly greater series of challenges in implementing change management and retaining agility in the midst of market turbulence. Saudi Aramcos culture is a polyglot of cultural, societal and political norms, unified under the Saudi Arabian series of cultural constraints and values. While Saudi Aramco is a global force in oil

The Secret River By Andrew Bovell Essay - 1656 Words

Through our exploration within class, Andrew Bovell’s adaption of The Secret River has shown us its righteous place as a remarkable Australian play. The various themes throughout the novel highlight issues revolving around ownership and dispossession as well as reiterating how important reconciliation amongst white and indigenous Australians is. Bovell’s adaption is captivating, poignant and opens the door for a conversation of our nation’s history that has been silenced on many occasions. Bovell’s The Secret River is based on Kate Grenville’s novel of the same title. The story follows William Thornhill, his wife Sal and two children Dick and Willie on their journey to Australia. A waterman from the slums of London, William is deported to a convict settlement in Sydney Australia. This new country, this new land paves the way for his pardon and for him to have something he never dreamed of possessing whilst in London; a place of his own. Will and his family plant a crop and set up a hut right on the bank of the Hawkesbury River yet this place is home to others; a family from the Dharug people whose sole existence is dependent on the land. Battle lines are drawn in the earth between old and new inhabitants yet the battle of land simmers ahead. As Will’s desire for ownership of the land grows, the encounters with the Dharug are more constant and the fear-mongering from other pardoned convicts travel up and down the river these circumstances all boil t o a head; the result is aShow MoreRelatedThemes In Andrew Bovells The Secret River863 Words   |  4 PagesTheatre is a powerful way of exploring the key concerns of Australia and its people, successfully portraying Australia’s past and the conflict between two cultures. The secret river adapted by Andrew Bovell effectively uses themes in a powerful and meaningful manner through theatre in which this enables the audience to relate to and further develop their understanding of Australia’s history. Themes are explored thoroughly throughout the play that signifies different aspects with relevance to Australia’sRead MoreCritical Analysis Of The Secret River1703 Words   |  7 Pagesevaluate how (language features) and why (contexts) different interpretations are represented in the study text and how those has enhanced your interpretations of the text. The Secret River (2013) a play adapted by Andrew Bovell from the book of the same title by Kate Granville, is set in colonial Australia along the Hawkesbury River. It focuses on the Thornhill Family, an English family recently transported to Australia and the Dhurag people, an Aboriginal family already living on the land. The purposeRead Moreate Grenville’s best selling 2005 book The Secret River, directed by Neil Armfield and adapted by600 Words   |  3 Pagesate Grenville’s best selling 2005 book The Secret River, directed by Neil Armfield and adapted by Andrew Bovell, is a shocking, scandalous – not to mention thrilling - insight into the historic events of the settling of Australia. This ambitious new play teaches us the truth behind what really happened between the two groups the ‘Dharug’s’ and the white settlers and by the use of Aboriginal dialect we are placed in the perspective of one white man, leaving the theatre in a deafening si lence. The

Macroeconomics and its study with relevance to china Free Essays

Summary In accordance to the formulation of latest economic data juxtaposed with macroeconomic principals and theories it can be stated that at the start of 2006, the People’s Republic of China officially proclaimed itself as the fourth largest economy, determined by USD-exchange rate leaving behind France and the United Kingdom. The People’s Republic of China has an economy, which is graded as the fourth largest economy in the world, when measured by nominal GDP. According to the records of 2005, about 70% of China’s GDP is in the private sector. We will write a custom essay sample on Macroeconomics and its study with relevance to china or any similar topic only for you Order Now Introduction According to The Star Business, it is estimated by the financial specialists of Pricewaterhouse Coopers that, â€Å"China could overtake the United States by 2025 to be the world’s largest economy and is anticipated to grow to about 130% the size of the United States by 2050†.[1] (The Star, 2008) it can well be stated that the basis of this statement is completely dependent on the microeconomic theories related to finance and particularly the quantity theory of money. In general, it can be stated that Macroeconomics is a subdivision of economics that has its transactions with the behavior, structure and performance in terms of regional or national economy. Aggregated indicators price indices, unemployment rates and GDP are the prime factors of this subject along with several other variables such as international finance, international trade, investment, savings, inflation, unemployment, consumption, output and national income. The current article analyzes the trends of Chinese finance market and applies the quantity theory of money and the momentum or velocity of its circulation in Chinese market and beyond. The equation of exchange i.e. M. V=P.Y is applied in this case to yield the forecast. In accordance to the formulation it can be stated that China’s National Bureau of Statistics in December 2005 recalculated its 2004 nominal GDP raised by 16.8% or Rmb2, 336.3 billion (US$281.9 billion), making China the 6th largest economy in the world, leave behind Italy, with a GDP of almost $2 trillion USD. At the start of 2006, the People’s Republic of China officially proclaimed itself as the fourth largest economy, determined by USD-exchange rate leaving behind France and the United Kingdom. (Edelman, 2005) Discussion At the beginning of 2006 China arises as the second largest economy in the world determined by domestic PPP (purchasing power) measure, at about $10 trillion USD, although such approximation must be taken with a great deal of warn as PPP estimation is very vague, more than ever in a huge country like China, Chinese acquiring capacity varies radically between Shanghai and Sichuan, and PPP is immaterial for imported products and overseas acquisitions. By the end of 2008, China foresee (determined by exchange rate) to go beyond Germany as the third largest economy, and to overtake Japan by the year 2015. (IMF, 2007) Thus, it is certain that China is fast becoming a global super power, at least economically as the quantity theory of money suggests and as calculated by the financial specialists of Pricewaterhouse based on this theory. The People’s Republic of China has an economy, which is graded as the fourth largest economy in the world, when measured by nominal GDP. Its cost-effective productivity for 2006 was $2.68 trillion USD.   Its per capita GDP is rising rapidly. According to the records of 2005, about 70% of China’s GDP is in the private sector. The less significant public sector is occupied by about two hundred large state enterprises concerted mainly in utilities, energy resources, and heavy industries. Since 1978 the People’s Republic of China (PRC) government has been restructuring its economy from a Soviet-style centrally planned economy, where the state or government have the sole power over the issue of production and takes all decisions about their utilization and about the dissemination of income, to a new market-oriented economy, in which the manufacture and dissemination of goods and services is done through the system of free markets directed by a gratis price system. Within the political skeleton, given by the Communist Party of China this economic system has been termed as Socialism with Chinese characteristics and is a category of mixed economy. Since 1978 after the implementation of these reforms, millions of people have been elevated out of poverty, bringing down the poverty rate from 53% of populace in 1981 to 8% by 2001. (Kar, 2006)Thus it is clearly seen that the velocity of money is fast gaining momentum and when the equation of M. V=P.Y is applied it is clear that growth is tangible and constant. The record of China’s progress over the past two decades has demonstrated naysayer wrong and optimists not positive enough. Upon close assessment, China’s record loses some of its sheen. China’s economic presentation since 1979, for example, is in fact less imposing than that of its East Asian competitors. Regardless of China’s distinguished economic progress, its per capita and total GDP growth has been over taken by some nations. From 1999 to 2006, Russia’s minimal per capita GDP increased from $1334 to $6879 (515 percent), while that in People’s Republic China increased from $870 to $2000 (229 percent). Similarly impressive are some oil producing nations of Middle Eastern, such as Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Kuwait, and Brunei. Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, and Angola had outpaced China in utilizing huge energy coffers in the same time. On the other hand, Equatorial Guinea, an African country recorded 79% percent real GDP augmentation in 2004. Even some countries in Asia such as Vietnam have made GDP triple between 1999 and 2006 in ostensible per capita dollar basis, astonishingly more than China. The strength of overall economy is a major determinant of political significance in the present time and China is doing quite well in this prospect. (King, 2006) In adjunct, it must be kept in mind that per capita income in absolute dollars (not percentage) GDP per capita is ascending much rapidly in most of the developed nations of the world than China, on account of China’s very low foundation of   income. The Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party a short time ago permitted the draft for the 11th 5-year plan for 2006 – 2010. The plan is intended to achieve a comparatively conventional 45% increase in GDP and 20% decline in energy intensity by 2010. Intriguingly enough, due to its vast population, China’s per capita share of world GDP can by no means accomplish the levels of the USA or Japan or some European countries in the 1990’s by economic progress alone. Avowed in another way, an average Chinese can never posses the same comparative economic power that possessed by average Americans, Western Europeans, and some Japanese in 1990’s. This is demonstrated as Japan had 20% of world GDP in April 1995, with not more than 2% of its population. (Lamb, 2004) Conclusion As China contains approximately 20% of the world’s population, it would require 200% of world GDP to compete with Japan’s level by this evaluation in April 1995, which is next to impossible. China’s share of total population of the world would have to reduce in size to well below 10% for this to happen. (Fletcher, 2005) Thus, it is quite clear that microeconomic theories like the quantity theory of money is very relevant in the modern context of financial analysis and forecast and the formulation of the national and economic variables are always dependable. Thus, it is obvious that economic commentaries or economic reports, like the one by The Star, can always be used for the fundamental understanding of macroeconomics and its principals. References: Edelman, S; (2005); Evaluation Techniques in International Business Management; Bloemfontein: ABP Ltd Fletcher, R; (2005); Principals: Beliefs and Knowledge; Believing and Knowing; Dunedin: Howard Price IMF; 2007; Reports: 2006-2007; Paris: ADM Press Kar, P; (2006); History of Industrial Economics and Related Applications; Kolkata: Dasgupta Chatterjee King, H; (2006); Economic Principals Today; Auckland: HBT Brooks Ltd Lamb, D; (2004); Cult to Culture: The Development of Civilization on the Strategic Strata; Wellington: National Book Trust [1] The Star; (March 2008); China to be world’s largest economy in 2025; KUALA LUMPUR: thestaronline How to cite Macroeconomics and its study with relevance to china, Essay examples

Dookie free essay sample

Punk rock makes a smashing comeback with Green Days breakthrough album,Dookie. Punk rock was thought to be dead at long last, but Green Day bringsnewfound interest in the punk scene. Punk rock was popular back in the late 70swhen kids were looking for a new type of music, a new type of rebellion toconservative societys Disco. Today critics might lump Green Day into thealternative scene but its just not the case. Green Day is a different kind ofband, a different kind of music. They like to categorize themselves with theSTPs, Pearl Jams and Nirvanas of the world but they are different. They are morein tune with the kids of the 90s. Most MTV viewers know songs likeLongview and Basket Case but there are many other good songs such as BurnOut, Welcome to Paradise, She, and When I Come Around. Green Day alsoperformed a free concert on September 9th at the Hatch Shell in Boston. We will write a custom essay sample on Dookie or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It was anexciting night of music and fun even a small riot couldnt spoil. I would highlyrecommend Green Days new album Dookie and if they come to your town, dontmiss them! .